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Criminal Justice: What is 'Empirical'?

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The empirical research process

What is an empirical article?

Empirical research is a research project that is done with scientific intent. This also means that the articles are going to be found in scholarly, peer-reviewed journals. The best way to determine if an article is an empirical article is to read the abstract and look for the following items. 

  • There is a hypothesis, a research question, or well-stated line of inquiry.
  • An empirical article includes a literature review in order for the researcher to understand the topic.
  • Data was collected in a systematic and organized way, and the research method is clearly explained.
    • Examples of data collection can include
      • Experimental data
      • Interviews
      • Collecting data from governmental sources
  • There is a review of the findings, including a discussion or analysis about how the information may compare with other reports.

 

What is not an empirical article?

Sometimes articles in a scholarly, peer-reviewed journal is not an empirical article. Skim the article and check for the following:

  • A review of other research papers and scholarly literature.
  • A summary of other people's work with no additional data or original new information.
  • A review of a book, film, database, or other item. These are often three pages or fewer.
  • A statement of an opinion or reflection on a current event, such as an editorial, a guest editorial, an opinion, or a letter to the editor. 

Read  more: Empirical Research